Docket #: S25-368
2-DOF External Actuation for Vine Robot Confined Space Operations
Stanford researchers in the CHARM Lab have developed a steerable vine robot specifically designed for pipe and burrow environments. The adaptable steering device mounts to the tip of a soft growing robot which re-configures itself based on its environment such that the vine robot passively follows a desired path within confined spaces. External sensors and other mechanisms are mounted to the robot without reducing the bending radius. The robot's unique combination of growth-based movement, two-degree-of-freedom (2-DOF) steering actuation with independent roll and pitch, and compliant design makes it particularly valuable where space is extremely limited, and conventional robots cannot effectively operate.
Stage of Development – Proof of Concept Prototype
Applications
- Infrastructure Inspection & Maintenance for Pipelines, Cable, HVAC, Bridges, etc.
- Oil & Gas Inspection, Maintenance & Monitoring
- Industrial Inspection, Maintenance & Quality Control for Chemical Plants, Nuclear Facilities, Aerospace & Maritime
- Medicine & Healthcare – e.g. Robotic Surgery, Endoscopy
- Search & Rescue
- Security & Defense
- Archeology, Environmental & Scientific Research
Advantages
- Agile
- Up to 51.7° turning angle allows the robot to navigate complex 3D path networks with branches and sharp turns
- Navigates artificial (pipes) and natural (burrows) confined spaces as small as 2.5 cm
- Versatile – multiple sensors/actuators can be deployed outside the robot
- Accurate - Real-time 3D localization in GPS-denied environments
- Faster, Less Complex, and More Reliable
Publications
- Qin, Y., Grinberg, J., Heap, W., & Okamura, A. M. (2025). 3D steering and localization in pipes and burrows using an externally steered soft growing robot. arXiv preprint arXiv:2507.07225.
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