Multi-layer self-healing devices using immiscible dynamic polymers

Researchers at Stanford University have developed a multilayered immiscible polymer system capable of autonomously realigning its layers to enhance the healing process after damage. Self-healing polymers, which can recover from various forms of damage, often include conductive or dielectric particles for added functionality and are typically arranged in a multilayer configuration. While these polymers usually self-heal effectively when layers are aligned, misalignment can significantly reduce healing efficacy. To address this, Stanford researchers created a laminate with immiscible dynamic polymers, each with the same dynamic bond for strong interlayer adhesion but different backbones for interfacial tension-mediated realignment. This design ensures complete self-directed structural and functional recovery after damage.

FIgure 1. A) Schematic showing the principle of surface tension–mediated realignment and healing of a fractured multilayer laminate. B) Before damage, C) after damage, and D) after healing (Adapted from Figure 1 and 4 in Cooper et al. (2023)).

Stage of Development
Proof of concept